The second source of self-efficacy is vicarious experiences. Secondly, mastery experiences allow us to observe direct links between an investment of effort and successful performance, thereby increasing expectancy judgments about our ability to perform well in particular situations (Vroom, 1964). Therefore, by drawing on this direct evidence of our performance from the past, we become able to infer our capabilities in the future. For instance, a person who does not consider him or herself very skilled at cooking may increase their self-efficacy in this area by successfully cooking different dishes for several nights.Īccording to Smith (2002), there are two reasons why mastery experiences may have the greatest benefits for self-efficacy.įirst, mastery experiences are based on direct, personal experience rather than secondhand accounts. Mastery experiences are the experiences we gain when taking on new challenges and succeeding (Akhtar, 2008). Mastery ExperiencesĪmong the four sources of self-efficacy, Bandura identified mastery experiences as the most powerful driver of self-efficacy (1977). “… an individual’s belief in his or her capacity to execute behaviors necessary to produce specific performance attainments.”īandura (1977) recognized four salient sources of self-efficacy and asserted that it is by the interplay of these factors that we develop significant belief or disbelief in our abilities. ![]()
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